Ferrari is an Italian manufacturer of racing cars & high-vet sports car formed by Enzo Ferrari in 1929. Ab initio, Scuderia Ferrari sponsored drivers and made racecars; a company went into independent car production inside 1946, eventually became Ferrari S.p.A., and is now controlled by the Fiat group. A company is depending inside Maranello, near Modena, Italy.

History
1929-1946

Ferrari founder Enzo Ferrari never intended to make traveling cars once he formed Scuderia Ferrari inside 1929 as a sponsor for amateur drivers headquartered in Modena. Ferrari prepared & with success raced various drivers inside Alfa Romeo cars until 1938, when he wwhen officially hired by Alfa as head of their racing department.

Inside 1940, upon learning of the company's plan to soak up his darling Scuderia & require control of his racing efforts, he quit Alfa. Because he was prohibited by contract from either racing for many years, a Scuderia briefly became Auto Avio Costruzioni Ferrari, which ostensibly produced machine information & aircraft accessories. Ferrari waste fact create 1 racecar, a Tipo 815, in a non-competition period; it was so the number 1 actual Ferrari car, however due to World War II it saw little competition. Around 1943 the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, in which it has remained ever since. A mill was bombed within 1944 and rebuilt in 1946 to include a works for itinerant car production.

"Scuderia Ferrari" literally means "Ferrari Stable" within keeping by using a prancing horse emblem; a title is figuratively translated when "Team Ferrari."

1945-present
A 1st Ferrari road car was a 1947 125 S, powered by a I.Cinque L V12 engine; Enzo reluctantly built & sold his motorcar to fund a Scuderia. When his beautiful & blazingly convenient cars quickly gained a reputation for excellence, Enzo maintained the renowned antipathy for his client, virtually all of whom he felt were buying his cars for the prestigiousness & non the performance value.

Ferrari road cars, noted for their exquisite styling deliberately houses like Pininfarina, have yearn been one of a ultimate accessories for even the rich & young (or young-at-heart). More project houses that stand work for Ferrari on top a years include Scaglietti, Bertone, Touring, Ghia, and Vignale.

Ferrari cars feature extremely-tuned little V8 and V12 engines, often around a mid-engined configuration; until the introduction of fuel injection in the 1980s, it were quite temperamental. Until the mid-1980s it carried a reputation for undependability & bad engineering, though these were written off by enthusiasts when "character." Ferrari owners use at times famously & religiously defended a merits of their cars when virulently criticizing more brands.

When of 2004, FIAT owns 56% of Ferrari, Mediobanca owns 15%, Commerzbank owns 10%, Lehman Brothers owns 7%, and Enzo's boy Piero Ferrari owns 10%.

Racing

Independent article: Scuderia Ferrari

Enzo Ferrari's true passion, despite his extensive itinerant car business, was universally car racing. His Scuderia began as an independent sponsor for drivers inside various cars, however shortly became a Alfa Romeo in-house racing team. Fallowing Ferrari's departure from either Alfa, he began to project & develop cars of his have; a Ferrari team number one appeared on a European grand prix scene fallowing the prevent of World War II.

A Scuderia joined a Formula One World Championship in the first season of its being, 1950. José Froilán González gave a team its foremost triumph at the 1951 British Grand Prix. Alberto Ascari gave Ferrari its first World Championship a year later. Ferrari is a oldest team left in a championship, does'nt to mention the virtually all successful: the team holds about each Formula A single record. When of 2004, the team's records include 14 Globe Drivers Championship titles (1952, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1961, 1964, 1975, 1977, 1979, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004), fourteen Globe Constructors Championship titles (1961, 1964, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004), 179 grand prix victories, 3445 and the half points, 544 soapbox ends, 174 pole positions, 11,182 laps led, and 180 fastest laps around 1622 grands prix contested.

Notable drivers include Tazio Nuvolari, Juan Manuel Fangio, Alberto Ascari, Phil Hill, Mike Hawthorn, John Surtees, Niki Lauda, Jody Scheckter, Gilles Villeneuve, Nigel Mansell, Alain Prost and Michael Schumacher.

The "Cavallino Rampante"

A noted symbol of Ferrari occurs as black prancing horse on yellow background, usually by using a letters S F for Scuderia Ferrari.

A horse was originally a symbol of Count Francesco Baracca, a legendary "asso" (ace) of the Italian air force during World War I, who painted it unofficially of his planes. Baracca died super young in June 19, 1918, shot down after 34 victorious duels & numerous team triumph; he shortly became the national hero.

Baracca got wanted a prancing horse in his planes because his squad, a "Battaglione Aviatori", was enrolled within the Cavalry regiment (air forces were at their first years of life & got there are no separate administration), & as well because he himself was purported to become a better cavaliere of his team.

It has been supposed that the selectiin of a horse was mayhap partially due to the fact that his noble personal was known for getting numbers of horses on their estates at Lugo di Romagna. a second theory suggests Baracca copied a rampant horse project from either a shot down German pilot world health organization got the emblem of the city of Stuttgart on his plane. This is supported per grounds to believe that Barraca's horse looks additional similar to a one of Stuttgart (non changed since 1938) than a todays Ferrari project, especially when the legs of the horses come caring.

Interestingly, rivalling German sports car manufacturer Porsche designed its logotype by embeddeding a prancing horse logo of Stuttgart into a emblem of the state of Württemberg, just prefer a city is situated inside a state. In the Twenties, Ferdinand Porsche got constructed supercharged cars for Mercedes-Benz in Stuttgart before starting his have engineering company there in a Thirties, designing the Auto Union race cars, amongst others.

Curiously, a title Stuttgart is from either Stutengarten, an ancient form of the modern German word Gestüt, which translates into English when stud domestic & into Italian when scuderia. Successively, a Italians call for Stuttgart Stoccarda. Evidently, a Ferrari-led Alfa team typically met a Silver Arrow teams of Mercedes-Benz (from Stuttgart itself) & late Auto Union at race tracks in the 1920s & 30s, thus every knew of the more.

In June 17, 1923, Enzo Ferrari won a race at a Savio track in Ravenna where he met the Countess Paolina, mother of Baracca. A Countess asked that he utilize a horse in his cars, suggesting that it would grant him practiced luck, however a 1st race at which Alfa would let him utilize a horse in Scuderia cars was eleven years late at SPA 24 Hours in 1932. Ferrari won.

Ferrari left a horse black when it experienced get on Baracca's plane; but, he added the canary yellow background because it was the emblematic color of his birthplace, Modena.

A prancing horse has non universally been unambiguously identified using a Ferrari brand: Fabio Taglioni used it on his Ducati motorbikes. Taglioni's father was, in point of fact, the companion of Baracca's & fought by having him in the 91st Air Squad. However, when Ferrari's fame grew, Ducati abandoned the horse; this might keep close at hand been a symptom of a personal agreement between them brands.

the prancing horse is currently a trademark of Ferrari.

List of models
Until a mid-1990s, Ferrari followed a 3-total naming scheme according to engine displacement: V6 & V8 system utilized a sum displacement (within dl) for a total 1 both digits & a number of cylinders when the third. So, the 206 was a Ii.Zero L V6-powered vehicle, when the 348 utilized a Iii.Quaternity L V8. V12 system utilized a displacement by the cylinder (within cubic centimeters) for completely trinity digits. So, the far-famed 365 Daytona experienced a 4380 millilitre engine (365 days Twelve).

Virtually all Ferraris were besides given designations on to their person style. In a main, the as a consequence conventions were utilized: M standing for "Modificata," this postfix is laid to the prevent of the exemplary's blunt designation to denote that these are the limited version of its predecessor & non the complete evolution (watch F512M and 575M Maranello). GTB system come closed Berlinettas, or coupes GTS system, inside older system, come convertibles (see 365 GTS4); however, within late system, this postfix is utilized for targa top models (see 348 GTS, and F355 GTS; exception being a 348 TS, which is the only targa known as otherwise). A exchangeable system nowadays apply a postfix "Spider" (view F355 Spider, and Ferrari 360 Spider). This appellative rules may be confusing, when a few completely different vehicles utilized a equivalent engine nature & severity and system style. Several Ferraris besides experienced more list affixed (prefer Daytona) to identify the two farther. Several such list come actually non a car's official title from a manufacturing plant. A 365 GTB4 model only became called the Daytona fallowing racing variants process by North.The.R.T. (Northerly Our contries Racing Team, world health organization raced Ferrari's within Usa) won a famed Two dozen hour race of the equivalent title. Too, a 250 GTO's famous acronym, which means Gran Turismo Omologato, was only a title a Italian click gave a car which referred to a way Ferrari experienced, in a way, avoided a system & with success homologated a car for racing purposes (Ferrari got convinced the FIA, somehow, someway, that a 250 GTO wwhen a equivalent car as former 250's). This was done probably to keep away from confusion by having a multiple 250 system which were produced prior to a GTO.

In a mid Nineties, Ferrari added the letter "F" to a beginning of completely system (the practice quickly abandoned fallowing the F512M and F355, but recently picked higher once again by owning a F430).

Road models

Sports cars

Ferrari's earliest system were pure sports car, non a exotics you understand now.

1948-1950 166 1951 195 Coupe 1951-1952 212 Coupe/Cabriolet 1952 340 MM Berlinetta/Spider

Mid-engine V6/V8

A Dino was a number 1 mid-engined Ferrari. This layout would last around to become utilized in virtually all Ferraris of the Eighties & Nineties. V6 & V8 Ferrari system produce higher overflow half of the trade name's amount production.

1968-1975 Dino 1968-1973 Dino 206GT 1968-1973 Dino 246GT/GTS 1975-1989 208/308/328 GTB/GTS 1975 308 GTB/GTS 1980 208 GTB/GTS 1980 308 GTBi/GTSi 1982 208 GTB/GTS Turbo 1982 308 GTB/GTS Quattrovalvole 1985 328 GTB Berlinetta 1986 GTB/GTS Turbo 1989 348 1989 348 TB/TS 1993 348 GTB/GTS 1995-1998 F355 1994 F355/GTS 1997 355 F1 1999-2004 Ferrari 360 1999-2004 360 Modena/Spider 2003-2004 Challenge Stradale 2005 F430

2-seat Gran Turismo
Ferrari quickly get into a Gran Turismo market, & a bulk of the company's sales remain in that metropolitan area.

1952-1967 America 1952 340 America 1953 375 America 1956 410 superamerica 1957 410 superamerica III 1960 400 superamerica 1964 500 Superfast 1966 365 California 1953-1962 250 1952 250S/250MM 1953 250 Export/Europa 1954-1963 250 GT Europa/Boano/Ellena/Coupe Pininfarina/Lusso 1957-1960 250 GT Berlinetta/Cabriolet/California Spyder/SWB 1964 330 1966 330 GTC Coupe 1966 330 GTS Spider 1964-1968 275 1964-1965 275 GTB/GTS 1966-1968 275 GTB/4 1968 365 1968-1969 365 GTC Coupe 1969-1970 365 GTS Spider 1968-1973 Daytona 1968 365 GTB4/365 GTS4 1996-2001 550 Maranello 1996-2000 550 Maranello Coupe 2001 550 Barchetta 2002-2004 575M Maranello 2004 Barchetta 2005 Superamerica 2006 Ferrari 600 Imola

Mid-engine 2+2

Dino 308 GT4]]

For the instance, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars. Although it browsed quite different from either their Two-seat counterparts, two a GT4 & Mondial were super closely-related to the 308 GTB.

1974-1980 208/308 GT4 1974-1975 Dino 308GT4 1976-1980 308GT4 1975 208 GT4 1980 Mondial 1980 Mondial 8 1982 Mondial Quattrovalvole 1983 Mondial Cabriolet 1985 3.2 Mondial/3.2 Cabriolet 1989 Mondial T

Front-engine 2+2

A company has besides produced front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in the todays 612 Scaglietti.

1960-1963 250 1960-1963 250 GT 2+2 1964-1967 330 1964-1967 330 GT 2+2 1967-1971 365 1967-1971 365 GT 2+2 1968-1973 365 Daytona 1971-1972 365 GTC4 1972-1976 365 GT4 2+2 1976-1989 400/412 1976 400 Automatic 1979 400i 1985 412 1992-2003 456/456M 1992-1997 456 GT/GTA Coupe 1998-2003 456M GT Coupe 2004-2005 612 Scaglietti

Mid-engine 12-cylinder

Ferrari entered a mid-engined 12-cylinder affray sustaining a planate Berlinetta Boxer inside 1971. A down a road Testarossa remains one of the best known Ferraris.

1971-1984 512 Berlinetta Boxer 1971 365 GT4 BB 1976 512BB 1981 512iBB 1984-1996 Testarossa 1984-1992 Testarossa 1992-1994 512TR 1994-1996 F512M

Supercars

A company's loftiest efforts stand been in the supercar market.

1962 250 GTO 1984 288 GTO 1988-1992 F40 1995-1997 F50 2003 Enzo Ferrari

Competition models

Current

360 GTC 360 Challenge 575 GTC FXX

Past

1947 125 Sport 1948 166 1949 125 F1 1951 340 America 1952 250MM 1953 340 MM 1953 375 MM 1954 750 Monza 1954 250 Monza 1956 250 Testa Rossa 1960 250 TR60/61 1962 GTO 1962 250 GTO 1963 330 LMB 1963 P/LM series 1963 250 P 1964 250 LM 1964 330 P 1965 330 P2 1966 330 P3 1967 330 P4 1968 412 P 1969 312 P 1969 512 S 1971 312 PB 1994 333 SP 1996 F50 GT